From an internal note circulated in the LTDD group, which there is no reason not to make public
What?
A cluster of companies (many of which co-operatives), non-profits, research and art organizations, co-ordinated by Fondazione di Comunità Messina (http://www.fdcmessina.org, henceforth FCM). This cluster consists of 120 local enterprises, employing some 400 people, created or consolidated in the last 20 years in or near the city of Messina, in Sicily.
Who and what is involved? Who are the key players? Dynamics?
The process was initiated in 1998 by a group of local people led by a physicist; they started by creating a research centre called EcosMed. EcosMed took on the mantle of championing a specific vision for local development, and over time managed to get several other enterprises up and running and working together as a cluster (see below). In 2010, they leveraged a European policy (green certificates for producing renewable energy) and a national/regional one (a large foundation called Fondazione con il Sud was doubling capital to any Fondazione di Comunità being constituted in Italy’s Mezzogiorno) to create FCM as a superstructure. FCM also has institutional partners, like business associations and a cooperative bank called Banca Etica. FCM used its capital to give solar panels to whoever wanted them: they created a “people’s energy company” and installed 2MW of photovoltaic capacity. The green certificates made sure that FCM could then count on 20 years of subsidies; it thus transformed a pile of dead money into a stable revenue stream.
Why is this interesting? What is the edge of the approach?
From an economic point of view, the cluster made three moves which contain the seeds of long-termism.
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Relational goods. Some goods store value because they encode relationships. Example: several world-famous artists in the Mediterranean area donated pieces to Fondazione Horcynus Orca, the cluster’s main art org. In fact, FHO runs a contemporary art museum that never bought any piece, everything was donated or produced in-house via artist residencies. This collection is worth several millions, but of course FHO could not really sell it except in very dire circumstances. Instead, they leverage it to attract private donors. Other example: Messina had a local brewery, Birrificio di Messina. This was purchased by Heineken, that ended up closing the plant and relocating production, keeping the brand. FCM persuaded the laid-off workers to start a cooperative to make a new brewery, and attracted a 6M EUR investment. 700 people attended the brewery’s grandopening, because “the beer tastes very good, but it also carries the values of dignity, community resurrection and human development to purchasers”. The new company was already turning a profit in its first year.
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Stocks over flows. The creation of FCM marked a shift from producing income (a flow) to fund Messina’s social and civic transformation to securing the capital (various stocks) that generate that income. The difference is resilience: if you are sitting on your own stocks, you are not at the mercy of short-term changes in marked conditions (or, worse, funding landscapes), and you have the breathing space to plan countermoves when difficulties strike.
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A system, not a network. “In a network, participants look for how to make the most of what others are doing. In a system, participants are willing to re-orient their work, so as to better work with the other participants.” If you are a construction company, you must not be lazy, and be open to using new technologies. If you are a social cooperative, you must look away from providing standardized services to customizing what they do in order to better valorize the capabilities of the people they are assisting. And so on.
Questions it sparks? What does this make you want to learn more about?
How do you get from zero to a fully formed cluster? The Messina fledgling cluster survived 12 years before FCM was launched, “with great difficulty”.
Can you imagine a similar approach for larger territories? What would it look like?
Assumptions? What assumptions are underlying the logic of X? How do they see the world? What does it mean for systems transformation?
“We believe that there is a correlation between the environmental crisis and inequality. We are seeing: irreversibilities in the environmental crisis and so much inequality that it is even stifling traditional economic development. Some systems are imbalanced.
One is this: starting in 1970, the speed of technological advancement is such that communities cannot build, around them, an appropriate culture and ethics in managing them. This creates collective stress in local communities. They are, however, marginalized from them, because technology’s governance happens at, and for, the global scale.
Another: as we know, our civilization is not sustainable as far as the consumption of resources is concerned.
And a third: financial power is more and more global, democratic systems have stayed local and are displaced.
Given this context, our foundation is experimenting on new paradigms for governance, the economy etc. Our key concept is that of limit. Our key resource is what we call human development. This happens by interlinking closely the productive, cultural and welfare system. To do that, we bring to bear the territory capabilities. Part of this is talent attraction.
More specifically, we are experimenting with models that constrain the logic of profit maximization. The constraints:
- Expand freedom, especially that of the weakest
- Build social capital
- Protect ecosystems
- Supply beauty.”
Learnings?
The Messina experience is very rich. We are trying to establish a strategic partnership with them, but that has slowed because of COVID-19. One fairly obvious learning: to act effectively, change permanently the incentives to which players on the ground. “Our foundation provides economic resources to this territory, But it never funds projects: it funds permanent policies. Its pillars:
- Promote cooperative social and economic systems, which are very biodiverse. They have culture, finance, scientific research etc. These systems need to be able to promote alternatives in the areas of working, housing, socializing and learning.
- Reinterpret welfare towards personalized paths actively supporting each beneficiary in recognizing the alternatives generated by the system, and thus increase its freedom.”
Link to our DD How does X relate to our areas of action? What new areas of exploration might this open? What area of exploration is this part of?
Different components of the cluster address different AoAs. For example, FCM itself is about resetting the rules of the game through policy. FHO more about spinning new narratives, with the mystique of the Mediterranean as a koiné of commerce, knowledge and peace. ECOSMED took the lead on reforming notions of value.
We submit that the Messina cluster is a deep demonstration of long-termism. It is a micro-economy that thinks very long-term, and is able to survive, and even thrive, in a context of alien, even hostile macro-systems.